{"id":341,"date":"2019-07-20T21:17:51","date_gmt":"2019-07-20T21:17:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/avantutor.com\/blog\/?p=341"},"modified":"2019-07-20T21:28:38","modified_gmt":"2019-07-20T21:28:38","slug":"10-command-lines","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/avantutor.com\/blog\/10-command-lines\/","title":{"rendered":"The 10 Command Lines"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>There are thousands of linux\/mac <strong>commands<\/strong>. But you only need to know less than a dozen <strong>commands<\/strong> to get by as a new developer.  Here are the <strong>top 10 command line commands<\/strong> every new developer should know. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em><strong>ls<\/strong><\/em> &#8211; List Content<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>You can&#8217;t do anything if you cannot &#8216;see&#8217;. <strong><em>ls<\/em><\/strong> (LS not is) allows you to &#8216;see&#8217; what files and folders are in your current directory. It&#8217;s a uber popular and maybe the most used command. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"988\" height=\"594\" src=\"https:\/\/avantutor.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Screen-Shot-2019-07-20-at-12.24.15-PM.png\" alt=\"screenshot of running an ls command in mac terminal.\" class=\"wp-image-342\" srcset=\"https:\/\/avantutor.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Screen-Shot-2019-07-20-at-12.24.15-PM.png 988w, https:\/\/avantutor.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Screen-Shot-2019-07-20-at-12.24.15-PM-300x180.png 300w, https:\/\/avantutor.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Screen-Shot-2019-07-20-at-12.24.15-PM-768x462.png 768w, https:\/\/avantutor.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Screen-Shot-2019-07-20-at-12.24.15-PM-945x568.png 945w, https:\/\/avantutor.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Screen-Shot-2019-07-20-at-12.24.15-PM-600x361.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 988px) 100vw, 988px\" \/><figcaption><strong><em>ls<\/em><\/strong> output example<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em><strong>pwd<\/strong><\/em> &#8211; Present\/Print Working Directory<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>If <strong><em>ls<\/em><\/strong> is the what <strong><em>pwd<\/em><\/strong> is the where. <strong><em>pwd<\/em><\/strong> shows you where you are in the file system. It shows you the path to your current location. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"688\" height=\"144\" src=\"https:\/\/avantutor.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Screen-Shot-2019-07-20-at-12.29.22-PM.png\" alt=\"A screenshot of running pwd within a mac terminal\" class=\"wp-image-343\" srcset=\"https:\/\/avantutor.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Screen-Shot-2019-07-20-at-12.29.22-PM.png 688w, https:\/\/avantutor.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Screen-Shot-2019-07-20-at-12.29.22-PM-300x63.png 300w, https:\/\/avantutor.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Screen-Shot-2019-07-20-at-12.29.22-PM-600x126.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 688px) 100vw, 688px\" \/><figcaption><strong><em>pwd<\/em><\/strong> output example<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><em>cd<\/em><\/strong> &#8211; Change Directory<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Sometimes we just need a change of scenery. <strong><em>cd<\/em><\/strong> allows you to change your current directory. The format is  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code code {background: none !important}\"><code>cd location<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Here are some examples of ls commands. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>To move up one directory or move into the parent directory<ul><li><code>cd ..<\/code> <\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>To move into another directory in the current location<ul><li><code>cd nameOfDirectory<\/code><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>To move to the root directory (whatever that might be)<ul><li><code>cd ~<\/code><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>To move multiple levels<ul><li><code>cd nameOfDirectory\/nameOfAnotherDirectory<\/code><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"704\" height=\"272\" src=\"https:\/\/avantutor.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Screen-Shot-2019-07-20-at-12.53.05-PM.png\" alt=\"Screenshot of running pwd then ls then cd documents and finally pwd.\" class=\"wp-image-344\" srcset=\"https:\/\/avantutor.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Screen-Shot-2019-07-20-at-12.53.05-PM.png 704w, https:\/\/avantutor.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Screen-Shot-2019-07-20-at-12.53.05-PM-300x116.png 300w, https:\/\/avantutor.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Screen-Shot-2019-07-20-at-12.53.05-PM-600x232.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 704px) 100vw, 704px\" \/><figcaption><strong><em>cd<\/em><\/strong> Example<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><em>cat<\/em><\/strong> &#8211; concatenate<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>What if you quickly wanted to see the content of the file without having to open it? Well, <strong><em>cat<\/em><\/strong> can be used for that. The syntax is: <\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>cat filename<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"367\" height=\"71\" src=\"https:\/\/avantutor.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Screen-Shot-2019-07-20-at-1.03.31-PM.png\" alt=\"Screenshot fo running cat output.txt\" class=\"wp-image-346\" srcset=\"https:\/\/avantutor.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Screen-Shot-2019-07-20-at-1.03.31-PM.png 367w, https:\/\/avantutor.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Screen-Shot-2019-07-20-at-1.03.31-PM-300x58.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 367px) 100vw, 367px\" \/><figcaption><strong><em>cat<\/em><\/strong> command example<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><em>touch<\/em><\/strong> &#8211; Create new File<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>When you <strong><em>touch<\/em><\/strong> something you create it. So when you would like to create a file (a different command is used for folders) you simply run <strong><em>touch<\/em><\/strong> followed by the filename you would like to give it. So the syntax is: <\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>touch New_File.java<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"354\" height=\"124\" src=\"https:\/\/avantutor.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Screen-Shot-2019-07-20-at-1.14.43-PM.png\" alt=\"Screenshot of running mkdir temp then cd temp then touch New_File.java and finally ls\" class=\"wp-image-347\" srcset=\"https:\/\/avantutor.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Screen-Shot-2019-07-20-at-1.14.43-PM.png 354w, https:\/\/avantutor.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Screen-Shot-2019-07-20-at-1.14.43-PM-300x105.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 354px) 100vw, 354px\" \/><figcaption><strong><em>touch<\/em><\/strong> example<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><em>mkdir<\/em><\/strong> &#8211; Make Directory<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>mkdir<\/strong> is the touch of directories. <strong>mkdir<\/strong> creates an empty folder.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>mkdir folderName<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"347\" height=\"114\" src=\"https:\/\/avantutor.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Screen-Shot-2019-07-20-at-1.23.38-PM.png\" alt=\"Screenshot of running mkdir school_work then ls then cd school_work\" class=\"wp-image-348\" srcset=\"https:\/\/avantutor.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Screen-Shot-2019-07-20-at-1.23.38-PM.png 347w, https:\/\/avantutor.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Screen-Shot-2019-07-20-at-1.23.38-PM-300x99.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 347px) 100vw, 347px\" \/><figcaption><strong><em>mkdir<\/em><\/strong> example<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><em>rm<\/em><\/strong> &#8211; Remove File<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>We have seen, moved, created now comes deleting. To delete a file run <strong><em>rm<\/em><\/strong> followed by the name of the file. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>rm nameOfFile.extension<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"332\" height=\"119\" src=\"https:\/\/avantutor.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Screen-Shot-2019-07-20-at-1.27.56-PM.png\" alt=\"Screenshot of running ls then rm New_File.java and the ls\" class=\"wp-image-349\" srcset=\"https:\/\/avantutor.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Screen-Shot-2019-07-20-at-1.27.56-PM.png 332w, https:\/\/avantutor.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Screen-Shot-2019-07-20-at-1.27.56-PM-300x108.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 332px) 100vw, 332px\" \/><figcaption>Example of Running <strong><em>rm<\/em><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><em>rm -r<\/em><\/strong> &#8211; Remove Folder<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>What about folders you ask? Simply add the -f flag. So&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>rm -r folderName<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"356\" height=\"136\" src=\"https:\/\/avantutor.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Screen-Shot-2019-07-20-at-1.32.01-PM.png\" alt=\"Screenshot of mkdir Coding_Stuff then ls followed by rm -r Coding_Stuff and finally ls\" class=\"wp-image-350\" srcset=\"https:\/\/avantutor.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Screen-Shot-2019-07-20-at-1.32.01-PM.png 356w, https:\/\/avantutor.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Screen-Shot-2019-07-20-at-1.32.01-PM-300x115.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 356px) 100vw, 356px\" \/><figcaption><strong><em>rm -f <\/em><\/strong>to Remove Folder Example<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><em>mv<\/em><\/strong> &#8211; Move File\/Folder<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Not satisfied with where all your files and folders are? You can move them! The syntax is:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>mv fileOrFolderName NewLocation<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Below is a screenshot of moving a folder into another folder <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"427\" height=\"128\" src=\"https:\/\/avantutor.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Screen-Shot-2019-07-20-at-1.39.39-PM.png\" alt=\"Screenshot of running ls then mv Coding_Stuff\/ school_work\/ followed by ls\" class=\"wp-image-351\" srcset=\"https:\/\/avantutor.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Screen-Shot-2019-07-20-at-1.39.39-PM.png 427w, https:\/\/avantutor.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Screen-Shot-2019-07-20-at-1.39.39-PM-300x90.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 427px) 100vw, 427px\" \/><figcaption><strong><em>mv<\/em><\/strong> folder example<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><em>sudo<\/em><\/strong> &#8211; Super User Mode<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Privilege issues is one of the most common problem when working within the command line. To overcome it run any command with the word <strong><em>sudo<\/em><\/strong> in front of it. You might have to enter your system\/root password when executing the command. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo command<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"378\" height=\"107\" src=\"https:\/\/avantutor.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Screen-Shot-2019-07-20-at-1.52.19-PM.png\" alt=\"Screenshot of sudo mkdir New_Folder entering password then ls\" class=\"wp-image-352\" srcset=\"https:\/\/avantutor.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Screen-Shot-2019-07-20-at-1.52.19-PM.png 378w, https:\/\/avantutor.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Screen-Shot-2019-07-20-at-1.52.19-PM-300x85.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 378px) 100vw, 378px\" \/><figcaption><strong><em>sudo<\/em><\/strong> example<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">BONUS: <strong><em>git<\/em><\/strong> <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Developing code without version control is like constructing a house without insurance. You can do it but it is not very smart. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Using git to backup your code to gihub is just a smart thing to do.  Here are the most popular git commands:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>git init\ngit status\ngit pull origin master\ngit remote\ngit add .\ngit commit -m \"What have you done since the last commit\"\ngit push origin master<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>git init<\/strong><\/em> &#8211; initiated the current directory to be a git repository (not common)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>git status<\/strong><\/em> &#8211; check the status of repository (common)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>git pull origin master<\/em><\/strong> &#8211; Pull code from remote repository (not common)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>git remote<\/em><\/strong> &#8211; check the names of all remote repositories (not common)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>git add .<\/em><\/strong> &#8211; Add all files to be staged (common)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>git commit -m &#8220;describe what has changed&#8221;<\/em><\/strong> &#8211; commit to staging area (common)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>git push origin master<\/em><\/strong> &#8211; push all changes to remote repository (common)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"547\" height=\"531\" src=\"https:\/\/avantutor.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Screen-Shot-2019-07-20-at-2.07.27-PM.png\" alt=\"Screenshot of git status, touch newFile, git status, git add ., git commit -m &quot;Added a new file&quot; and finally git push origin master\" class=\"wp-image-353\" srcset=\"https:\/\/avantutor.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Screen-Shot-2019-07-20-at-2.07.27-PM.png 547w, https:\/\/avantutor.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Screen-Shot-2019-07-20-at-2.07.27-PM-300x291.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 547px) 100vw, 547px\" \/><figcaption><strong><em>git<\/em><\/strong> commands example<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>That&#8217;s it. You don&#8217;t need to get a phd in command lines to be an effective developer. You just need to know the commands above. Also, you might need to look up additional flags or parameters to execute special cases.  <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>There are thousands of linux\/mac commands. But you only need to know less than a dozen commands to get by as a new developer. Here are the top 10 command line commands every new developer should know. ls &#8211; List&#8230; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/avantutor.com\/blog\/10-command-lines\/\">Continue Reading &rarr;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[56],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>The 10 Command Lines - AvanTutor Blog - Tips, Tricks, and Resources for Mastering Coding<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/avantutor.com\/blog\/10-command-lines\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The 10 Command Lines - AvanTutor Blog - Tips, Tricks, and Resources for Mastering Coding\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"There are thousands of linux\/mac commands. 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